Multiple cylinder pump



Jan.- 19, 1960 R. T. CORNELIUS I 2,921,536

` MULTIPLE CYLINDER PUMP Filed sept. 2s, 1955 2 sheets-sneer v1` y IIIIIII I 3 I I 48 l I: Il

INVENTOR RICHARD T. CORNELIUS ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1960 R. T. CORNELIUS 2,921,536

MULTIPLE CYLINDER PUMP Filed Sept. 26. 1955 2 SheetsPSheet-Z "'I' FIG 2 95 97 95 35 59 I 5T 96 3 t II 4I 3 IL i 1| II I Il 5I 53 42 62 Io l I I 54 INVENTOR RICHARD T. CORNELIUS ATTORNEYS United States Patent O MULTIPLE CYLINDER PUIVIP Richard T. Cornelius, Minneapolis, Minn.

Application September 26, 1955, Serial No. 536,530

6 Claims. (Cl. 103-162) The herein disclosed invention relates to multiple cylinder hydraulic pumps and particularly to the valving thereof. v An object of the invention resides in providing a valve mechanism which will operate extremely eficiently and when the pump is used as a motor will give greater starting torque.

An object of the invention resides in providing a case having a cylinder block therein formed with a plurality of cylinders arranged adjacent each other and with a face and in further forming a valve member having a face overlying the face of the cylinder block.

An object of the invention resides in providing means for supporting said cylinder block and valve member for relative rotary motion about an axis and in further providing said cylinder block with ports communicating with the cylinders and coaxially arranged where said ports extend through the face of said rotor in the form of a circle coaxial with said axis.

An object of the invention resides in providing said case with an inlet and an outlet and said valve member with two ports communicating respectively with said inlet and outlet and adapted to successively communicate with the ports of said cylinder block.

A still further object of the invention resides in providing the face of the cylinder block with lands disposed one on each side of the ports therein and adapted to contact the face of the valve member and in constructing said lands ring-like in form.

Another object of the invention resides in providing a lubricating system for the pump and in constructing the cylinder block with pockets in the face thereof extending into said lands, some of said pockets being disposed outwardly of the ports in said cylinder block and in communication with the lubricant and other of said pockets being disposed inwardly of said ports and being in communication with the uid pumped.

A feature of the invention resides in arranging the pockets so that the same extend up to or beyond the medial line of the lands.

Other objects of the invention reside in the novel combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter illustrated and/or described.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical elevational sectional view of a pump illustrating an embodiment of the invention and taken through the center of the pump.

Fig. 2 is an elevational sectional view taken on line 2--2 of Fig. l.

.Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view, similar to Fig. 3, and taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

The invention has been illustrated as'embodied in a pump which comprises a case including a base 11 on which a dome 12 is mounted. The base 11 is generally circular in form being provided with a bottom wall 13 and an" annular wall`14 extending 'upwardly therefrom.

2,921,536 ce Patented Jan. 19, 1960 Encircling the base "11 is a llange 15 which is adapted to be mounted on the surface of the support to which the pump is to be attached. By means of this construction a chamber 17 is formed within the base 11. The upper end of the wall 14 is formed with a rim 18 and to which the dome 12 is bolted.

Within the chamber 17 of base 11 is mounted a bearing race 19 which has a radial surface 21 and a cylindrical surface 22. The race 19 is held from rotational movement by means of a dowel pin 20 which enters the bottom wall 13 of the base 11 and extends into said race. Rotatably mounted within the chamber 17 is a rotor 23 which has a flange 24 formed with a radial surface 25 and which also has a journal 26 formed with a cylindrical surface 27. Rollers 28 are mounted between the surfaces 21 and 25 and rollers 29 are mounted between the surfaces 22 and 27. The journal 26 is formed with splines 31 and by means of which a splined shaft may be connected to the rotor 23 for the purpose of driving the same. A cap 32 encircles the journal 26 and is provided with a seal 33 engaging said journal and by means of which oil within the chamber 17 is prevented from leaking out of the same. Cap 32 is attached to the bottom wall 13 of base 11 by means of cap screws 124 screwed into said wall. While the pump has been shown in the drawings as disposed with the axis of journal 26 vertical, it will be readily comprehended that the case may be turned so that the axis of said journal be horizontal and the pump driven while so disposed.

The dome 16 is substantially cylindrical in form being formed with an end wall 35 and a cylindrical wall 36. Wall 36 has a ange 37 extending outwardly'therefrom and which is arranged at an angle with reference to the wall 36 as best shown in Fig. l. The flange 37 has a rabbet 38 extending about the same and in which is received the rim 18 of 'wall 14 of base 11. Bolts 39 extend through the flange 37 and are screwed in the base 11 to clamp the parts securely together. The dome 12 is formed with a bore 41 at its innermost end and an enlargement 42 thereof at its outer end extending up to the flange 37.

Mounted in the bore 41 of dome 12 is a valve member or valve head 43 and which is provided with a spindle 44 extending axially through the same. This valve member is held from rotational movement by means of a key 45 received in grooves 46 and 47 in the dome 12 and in said valve member. The valve member 43 has a valve face 48 which `is at and circular in form. Mounted on the spindle 44 is a ball bearing 49, the inner race 51 of which is carried by said spindle. The outer race 52 of said bearing is received within a bore 53 formed in a cylinder block 54. This cylinder block is mounted within the enlargement 42 of bore 41 and has a face 55 engaging the face 48 of the valve member 43. Carried by the cylinder block 54 and extending into the bore 53 is a snap ring 56 and against which the outer race 52 of the bearing .49 bears. Nuts 57 and lock nuts 58 screwed on the end of the spindle 44 urge the bearing 49 into engagement with the ring 56 and correspondingly hold the face 55 of cylinder block 54 into engagement with the face 48 of valve member 43. The cylinder block 54 is formed with a number of circumferentiallyv arranged longitudinally extending cylinder bores 59 which' serve as cylinders for the pump. vSlidably mounted in the bores 59 are pistons 62.

Between the rotor 23 and the pistons 62 are connecting rods 63. These' rods have balls 64 and 65 at their ends. The balls 64 are received in sockets 66 formed in the pis'-l ton 62 while the balls 65 are received in sockets 67 formed in the flange of rotor 23. The ends 68 of-the pistons 62 are turned overto hold the'balls 64 in posimounted in the bore 85.

tion. A clamp ring 71 screwed on the ange 24 of the rotor 23 holds the ring 67 in position.

The cylinder block 54 is driven by the rotor 23 through a universal joint 70. This joint includes a body 72 constructed of ila-t bar stock which is constructed at its ends to form spaced heads 73 with a neck 74 extending therebetween. The heads 73 have transverse bores 76 extending through the same and which are at right angles to the medial plane of the body 72 and whichform bearings. In conjunction with the body 72, four caps 78 are employed which are identical in construction. These caps are adapted to overlie the body 72 and have short stub shafts 81 which are received in the bearings 76 and which form journals and guide said caps :for rotation relative to said bores. The journals 81 are of a length equal substantially to half the thickness of the body 72 or less so that the caps on opposite sides of the body may be rotatably mounted for concentric rotation with respect to the body proper. The outer surfaces 82 of the caps 78 and the corresponding surfaces of the heads 73 are spherical in form so that the assembled structure form balls 79 and 80 at the ends of the body 72. The caps 78 are formed with planiform arcuate grooves 84 whose medial planes contain the axes of the respective journals 81.

The cylinder block 54 is formed with a bore 85 coaxial with the bore 53 and the rotor 23 with a similar bore 86. These bores are of a diameter to snugly receive the balls 79 and 80 formed by caps 78. Extending inwardly from these bores are splines 87 which are received in the grooves 84 of the caps 78. When the universal joint 70 is mounted Vin these bores, the parts are held assembled through the cap 78 engaging the walls of said bores so that the journals 81 are maintained within the bearings 76. The ball 80 is held from endwise movement by means of a seat 88 disposed within the bore 86 and secured in place therein by means of a snap ring 89 and by means of a seat 91 which is slidably This seat is urged against the ball 79 by means of a compression coil spring 92 seated at one end against said seat and at its other end against the outer race 52 of ball bearing 49. By means of this construction, the torsional stress carried by the rotor motor 23 is transmitted to the cylinder block 54 through the universal joint 70 so that twisting strain on the connectingrods k63 is eliminated.

Formed in the valve member 43 are two ports 93 and 94 which are arcuate in form and extend in a circle coaxial with the axis of the spindle 44. An inlet 95 and outlet 96 are formed on the dome 16 and which have passageways 97 and 98 communicating with the ports 93 and 94. In the end of the cylinder block 54 are formed ports 99 which are arranged in a circle coaxial with the axis of the spindle 44. These ports are of the same width as the ports 93 and 94 and are adapted to register therewith. Each of these ports communicates with one of the cylinders 59 formed by the bores 59. The face 55 of the cylinder block S4 is circular in form and is of suicient width to provide outer and inner lands 101 and 102 and which ride against the face 48 of the valve member 43. The lands are ringlike in form and the medial lines thereof are indicated by the reference numerals S and 108. In the part of the cylinder block 54 on which the face 55 is formed are provided pockets 103 and 104. The pockets 103 extend through the face 55 and into the outer edge of the land 101 extending into said land substantially up to the medial line 105 of said land. These pockets are in communication with the space surrounding the cylinder block 54 and formed kby the yenlargement 42 of bore 41. A lubricating system is provided for the pump and which causes lubricant contained within the chamber 17 to circulate throughout the last named space. This lubricant enters the pockets 103 and causes the contacting surfaces of thefaces A48 55 to become lubricated lll outwardly of the medial line 105. The pockets 104 communicate with the ports 99 and are constructed to extend through the face 55 and into the land 101 up to or past the medial line 105 in the same manner as the pockets 103. The land 102 is similarly constructed with outer pockets 106 and inner pockets 107. Pockets 107 are similarly constructed and located to pockets 104 of land 101 and communicate with the ports 99. Pockets 106 correspond with pockets 103 and communicate With `the bore 53 of the cylinder block 54. The lubricating system referred to is so constructed that the interior of the bore 53 is also filled with lubricant and a portion of the land 102 up to the medial line 108 thereof is thus lubricated. The pump is preferably used for pumping oil or some other suitable material used for the purpose of transmitting power and the uid pumped is hence of a lubricating nature. This uid passing through the ports 99 enters the pockets 104 and 107 and similarly lubricates the portions of the lands inwardly of the medial lines 105 and 108.

The operation of the invention is obvious. As the rotor 23 is driven the cylinder block 54 is correspondingly rotated through the universal joint 70. 'I'his causes the pistons 62 to be reciprocated in the cylinder bores 59 and the fiuid to be drawn into the cylinders of the descending pistons and to be expelled from the cylinders of the ascending pistons. The fluid so pumped passes from the inlet through port 93, into cylinders S9, through port 94 and to the outlet 9,6. As the cylinder block rotates, the ow in the cylinders is successively reversed as the cylinders reach their extreme in positions. Throughout such movement, the face 48 rides on the lands 101 and 102 and procures the desired valving' of the pump. The fluid pumped, which is usually oil, in passing through the ,ports 99 enters the pockets 104 and 107, which lubricates the inner portions of the lands 101 and 102. In a similar manner, the outer portions of these lands are lubricated by means of lubricant from the lubricating system of the pump contained in the enlargement 42 of bore 41 of case 12 and in the bore 53 of the cylinder block 54 which enters the pockets 103 and 106. By means of this construction, lubricant is at all times provided for the contacting faces of the valve head and cylinder block.

The advantages of the invention are manifest. The lubrication of the rotating surfaces of the cylinder block and valve head is automatically provided for. Due to the effective lubrication the efficiency of the pump is greatly improved. When the pump is used as a motor, the starting torque is likewise increased and the eiliciency correspondingly increased.

While the invention has been described as embodied in a pump, it can readily be comprehended that iluid under pressure can be directed into the inlet and the device will operate as a motor, and where the term pump has been used in the claims and in the specilication the term is to be read as meaning either a pump or a motor. Y

Changes in the specific form of the invention, as herein described, may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent 1. In a pump having a case, a revoluble cylinder block therein having cylinders and formed with a face, a valve member within said case fixed relative thereto and having a face koverlying the face of said cylinder block, said cylinder block having a row of ports therein extending through the face thereof and communicating with said cylinders, said ports being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said cylinder block,` an inlet and an outlet lformed in said case, said valve member v,having ports extending through the face thereof and communicating with said inlet and outlet, said last named ports being adapted to alternately communicate with the ports in said cylinder block, sald cylinder block having inner and outer lands in the face thereof concentric with the axis of rotation of said cylinder block, one on each side of the row of ports, each of said lands having inner and outer edges, the inner edge of the outer land and the outer edge of the inner land extending up to the ports in said cylinder block, means forming lubricant conducting passageways directing lubricant to the outer edge of the outer land and the inner edge of the inner land, the combination of portions of the cylinder block having pockets in theface thereof, some of the pockets extending through the inner edges and others through the outer edges of each of the lands, and some of the denoted pockets communicating with the ports in said cylinder block and others of the denoted pockets communicating with said lubricant passageways.

2. In a pump having a case, a revoluble cylinder block therein having cylinders and formed with a face, a valve member within said case lxed relative thereto and having a face overlying the face of said cylinder block, said cylinder block having a row of ports therein extending through the face thereof and communicating with said cylinders, said ports being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said cylinder block, an inlet and an outlet formed in said case, said valve member having ports extending through the face thereof and communicating with said inlet and outlet, said last named ports being adapted to alternately communicate with the ports in said cylinder block, said cylinder block having inner and outer lands in the face thereof concentric with theaxis of rotation of said cylinder block, one on each side of the row of ports, each of said lands having inner and outer edges, the inner edge of the outer land and the outer edge of the inner land extending up to the ports in said cylinder block, means forming lubricant conducting passageways directing lubricant to the outer edge of the outer land and the inner edge of the inner land, the combination of portions of the cylinder block having pockets in the face thereof, some of the pockets extending through the inner edges and others through the outer edges of each of the lands, and some of the denoted pockets communicating with the ports in said cylinder block and others of the denoted pockets communicating with said lubricant passageways, all of the denoted pockets extending beyond the medial lines of said lands to cover the entire widths of said lands. v

3. In a pump having a case, a revoluble cylinder block therein having cylinders and formed with a face, a valve member within said case lxed relative thereto and having a face overlying the face of said cylinder block, Vsaid cylinder block having a row of ports therein extending through the face thereof and communicating with said cylinders, said ports being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said cylinder block, an inlet and an outlet formed in said case, said valve member having ports extending through the face thereof and communicating with said inlet and outlet, said last named ports being adapted to alternately communicate with the ports in said cylinder block, said cylinder block having inner and outer lands in the face thereof concentric with the axis of rotation of said cylinder block, one on each side of the row of ports, each of said lands having inner and outer edges, the inner edge of the outer land and the outer edge of the inner land extending up to the ports in said cylinder block, means forming lubricant conducting passageways directing lubricant to the outer edge of the outer land and the inner edge of the inner land, the combination of portions of the cylinder block having pockets in the face thereof, some of the pockets extending through the inner edges and others through the outer edges of each of the lands, and some of the denoted pockets communicatingwith the ports in said cylinder block and others of the denoted pockets communicating with said lubricant passageways, the first named pockets of both of said lands alternating with the second named pockets of the respective lands.

4. In a pump having a case, a revoluble cylinder block therein having cylinders and formed with a face, a valve member within said case lixed relative thereto and having a face overlying the face of said cylinder block, said cylinder block having a row of ports therein extending through the face thereof and communicating with said cylinders, said ports being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said cylinder block, an inlet and an outlet formed in said case, said valve member having ports extending through the face thereof and communicating with said inlet and outlet, said last named ports being adapted to alternately communicate with the ports in vsaid cylinder block, said cylinder block having inner and outer lands in the face thereof concentric with the axis of rotation of said cylinder block, one on each side of the row of ports, each of said lands having inner and outer edges, the inner edge of the outer land and the outer edge of the inner land extending up to the ports in said cylinder block, means forming lubricant conducting passageways vdirecting lubricant to the outer edge of the outer land and the inner edge of the inner land, the combination of portions of the cylinder block having pockets in the face thereof, some of the pockets extending through the inner edges and others through the outer edges of each of the lands, and some of the denoted pockets communicating with the ports' in said cylinder block and others of the denoted pockets communicating with said lubricant passageways, al1 of said pockets having unrestricted communication with the ports or lubrication passageways.

5. In a pump having a case, a revoluble cylinder block therein having cylinders and formed with a face, a valve member within said case lxed relative thereto and having a face overlying the face of said cylinder block, said cylinder block having a row of ports therein extending through the face thereof and communicating with said cylinders, said ports being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said cylinder block, an inlet and an outlet formed in said case, said valve member having ports extending through the face thereof and communicating with said inlet and outlet, said last named ports being adapted to alternately communicate with the ports in said cylinder block, said cylinder block having inner and outer lands in the face thereof concentric with the axis of rotation of said cylinder block, one on each side of the row of ports, each of said lands having inner and outer edges, the inner edge of the outer land and the outer edge of the inner land extending up to the ports in said cylinder block, means forming lubricant conducting passageways directing lubricant to the outer edge of the outer land and the inner edge of the inner land, the combination of the cylinder block having arcuate pockets in the face thereof, some extending through each of the edges of each of said lands and some of the denoted pockets communicating with the ports in said cylinder block and others of the denoted pockets communicating with said lubricant passageways, all of said pockets being disposed with the widest portions thereof intersecting the v edges of said lands.

6. In a pump having a case, a revoluble cylinder block therein having cylinders and formed with a face, a valve member within said case fixed relative thereto and having a face overlying the face of said cylinder block, said cylinder block having a row of ports therein extending through the face thereof and communicating with said cylinders, said ports being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis of revolution of said cylinder block, an inlet and an outlet formed in said case, said valve member having ports extending through the face thereof and communicating with said inlet and outlet, said last named ports being adapted to alternately communicate with the ports in said cylinder block, said cylinder block having inner and outer lands in the face thereof concentric with the axis of rotation of said cylinder block, one on each side of the row of ports, each of said lands having inner and outer edges, the inner edge of the outer land and the outer edge of the inner land extending up to the ports in Said cylinder block, means forming lubricant conducting passageways directing lubricant to the outer edge of the outer land and the inner edge of the inner land, the combination of portions of the cylinder block having pockets in the face thereof, some of the pockets extending through the inner edges and others through the outer edges of each of the lands, and some of the denoted pockets communicating with the ports in said cylinder block and others of the denoted pockets communicating with said lubricant passageways, the cross-sectional areas of said pockets being greatest at the edges of said lands.

References Cited ,in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Thoma n June 30, Durner July 12,

Thoma Apr. 25, Hawley et al. Jan. 5, Vickers et al. Mar. 9, yMolly July 13, Nixon Mar. 1, Wright Aug. 23,

Henrichsen n Aug. 25,

' Meter May 24, Gondek Aug. 19, 

